Biographical: Kings and Queens

England - Kings

HENRY V

Henry V: The Caring King

Vale, Malcolm

From: BBC History Collector’s Edition Medieval Kings and Queens

Published: 2017

Aims to show that ‘the hero of Agincourt was also a sovereign with a softer side.’

 

HENRY VI

Death of Henry VI

Anon

Single page of typescript

Undated

Summaries of the accounts of the King’s death given in Warkworth, the Fleetwood Chronicle, Crowland, Fabyan, Rous, Vergil, More and various unattributed manuscripts.

 

The Monarchy 1066-1966

Anon

Illustrated exhibition catalogue

Published: October 1966

Catalogue for an exhibition held at Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, of items such as seals and early portraits illustrating English monarchs.

 

Britain’s Kings and Queens: 63 Reigns in 1100 years

Bellew, Sir George

Pitkin Booklet

Published: 1970 edition

Contains potted biographies of Henry VI and other kings of the period.

 

A Plantagenet Observed?

Brown, G P

Booklet

Published: 1973

On a life-like stained glass portrait of a king, thought to be Henry VI, in the East Window of Beverley Minster.

 

Brief Guide to the Kings and Queens of England and Great Britain, Part 1: Saxons – Normans – Plantagenets

Cook, D V

From: No 15 of Raleigh Press’s Brief Guide series, ed. E R Delderfield

Undated

Brief biographies of monarchs from Egbert to Richard III, including a two page entry on Henry VI.

 

Royalty, Virtue, and Adversity: The Cult of Henry VI

Craig, Lesley Ann

From: Albion, Vol 35, No 2

Published: Summer 2003

An analysis of the reasons for the popularity of Henry VI’s cult.

 

The Burials of King Henry VI at Chertsey and Windsor

Griffiths, Ralph

From: St George’s Chapel, Windsor: History and Heritage, ed. N Saul & T Tatton-Brown

Published: 2010

Describes what is known of Henry’s original funeral and burial at Chertsey and the details of his reburial in 1484 in St George’s Chapel, Windsor.

 

Portraits of the Later Plantagenets

Hepburn, Frederick

Text of 104 page book based on author’s M.A. thesis

Published: 1988

A discussion of some surviving portraits of later medieval kings, including Henry VI, Edward IV and Richard III.

 

Henry VI: A Misjudged King?

Hicks, Michael

From: History Today, Vol 61, Issue 1

Published: January 2011

Argues that Henry’s failure was not his own fault – the England of his day was ungovernable.

 

The Discovery of the Remains of King Henry VI in St George’s Chapel, Windsor Castle

Hope, W H St John

From: Archaeologia, Vol 62

Published: 1911

Description of the opening of Henry’s coffin in 1910.

 

Henry VI and the Duke of York’s Second Protectorate, 1455 to 1456

Lander, J R

From: BIHR, Vol 43, No 1

Published: September 1960

Suggests that Henry may not have relapsed into madness again at the tine of York’s second protectorate.

 

A Collector of Apocryphal Anecdotes: John Blacman Revisited

Lovatt, Roger

From: Chapter 9 of Property and Politics: Essays in Later Medieval English History ed. A Pollard

Published: 1984

Defence of Blacman’s authorship of the Collectarium Mansuetdinem et Bonorum Morum Regis Henrici VI, and of the reliability of the work.

 

The Saintly Plantagenet: Henry VI

Makinson, A

From: History Today

Published: February 1962

Sympathetic analysis of Henry’s character.

 

Some Household Ordinances of Henry VI

Myers, A R

From: Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, Vol 36, No 2

Published: March 1954

Provisions for regulating the royal household written in 1445 (?).

 

The Death of Henry VI, 1471

Myers, A R (ed.)

From: English Historical Documents, Vol 4, 1327-1485

Published: 1995

Transcripts of the accounts of Henry VI’s death from the Arrivall, Warkworth, the Great Chronicle and Fabyan.

 

An Essex Lazarus

Nichols, Jo

From: Essex Countryside, Vol 26, No 257

Published: June 1978

An account of one of the miracles attributed to Henry VI (the revival of the apparently dead body of young John Wall, who had been crushed by a falling cart).

 

Some Indications of Awareness by the Kings of Portugal in the 15th Century of their Status vis-a-vis the House of Lancaster

Pye, Roger F

From: The Coat of Arms, new series Vol 4, No 113, with subsequent correspondence

Published: Spring 1980 & Summer 1980

Heraldic evidence suggests that between the death of Henry’s last surviving uncle in 1447 and the birth of his son Edward in 1453, Alfonso V of Portugal, grandson of Henry VI’s elder sister Philippa, considered himself to be Henry VI’s heir.

 

King Henry VI and the Royal Foundation

Saltmarsh, John

From: A Commemorative Oration Delivered at Eton College

Published: 1971

On Henry’s founding of Eton College and King’s College, Cambridge.

 

The Miracle of Henry VI

Seward, Desmond

From: BBC History Magazine

Published: April 2014

How a man who was such a disaster as king came to be venerated as a saint.

 

Henry VI’s Medical Record: A Preliminary Report

Smith, Muriel E

Typescript

Undated, but no later than 1970s

Attempts to establish that Henry VI suffered from porphyria and died from it.

 

King Henry of Windsor and the London Pilgrim

Spencer, Brian

From: Collectanea Londoniesia: Studies in London Archaeology and History Presented to Ralph Merrifield, London and Middlesex Archaeological Society Special Paper No 2, pp 235-264

Published: 1978

On the veneration of Henry VI and the pilgrim badges associated with his cult.

 

Pilgrim Badges of Henry the Sixth

Spencer, Brian

From: Journal of the Henry VI Society

Published: December 1972

Article by the then Assistant Keeper of the London Museum discussing the variety of badges sold to pilgrims visiting Henry VI’s shrine at Windsor.

 

The Coronations of Henry VI

Styles, Dorothy; Allmand, C T

From: History Today, Vol 32

Published: May 1982

Account of Henry’s 21 month stay in France culminating in his coronation as King of France in Paris in December 1431.

 

‘A Political Cause’: An Objection Refuted

Whatmore, L E

From: Journal of the Henry VI Society

Published: December 1972

Refutation of L F Salzman’s contention in his 1925 article ‘Some Sussex Miracles’ that the claims of miracles worked by Henry VI were of purely political origin.

 

The Personal Rule of Henry VI

Wolffe, B P

From: Chapter 2 of Fifteenth Century England 1399-1509: Studies in Politics and Society, ed. S B Chrimes, C D Ross & R A Griffiths

Published: 1972

Seeks the causes for the downfall of the House of Lancaster not in the effects of a long minority but in the nature of Henry VI’s personal rule as an adult.

 

EDWARD IV

Account of King Edward the Fourth’s Second Invasion of England, in 1471, drawn up by one of his Followers; with the King’s Letter to the Inhabitants of Bruges upon his success; translated from a French Manuscript in the Public Library of Ghent

Anon

From: Archaeologia, Vol 21

Published: 1826

English translation (unattributed) copy made of the original manuscript at second hand, the original having been copied by Lady Bedingfield, and her version having been copied in turn by Edward Jermingham and sent to Nicholas Carlisle in 1820.

 

 

An Extract Relating to the Burial of King Edward IV. From a Manuscript of the late Mr Anstis now in the possession of Thomas Astle, Esquire

Anon

From: Archaeologia, Vol 1

Published: 1770

Text of a document relating to the burial of Edward IV.

 

Appendix: Edward IV’s Death

Anon

Typescript appendix from unattributed work

Undated, but probably no later than 1960s

Series of quotations on the cause of Edward’s death, mainly from contemporary and sixteenth century sources.

 

The Monarchy 1066-1966

Anon

Illustrated exhibition catalogue

Published: October 1966

Catalogue of an exhibition held at Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, of items such as seals and early portraits illustrating English monarchs.

 

L’Importance des Femmes dans la Vie et au Cours du Regne du Roi Edouard IV d’Angleterre

Ashdown-Hill, John

From: Proceedings of the Conference Femmes de Pouvoir (Women of Power) in Brussels

Published: 2012

Edward IV’s ancestresses, female heirs, mistresses and queens.

 

Britain’s Kings and Queens: 63 Reigns in 1100 Years

Bellew, Sir George

Pitkin Booklet

Published: 1970 Edition

Contains potted biographies of Edward IV and other kings of the period.

 

The Will of King Edward IV

Bentley, Samuel (ed.)

From: Excerpta Historica

Published: 1833

The text of Edward IV’s last known will, written in English in 1475 and lacking the codicil believed to have made on his deathbed. Includes introduction and footnotes.

 

Brief Guide to the Kings and Queens of England and Great Britain, Part 1: Saxons – Normans – Plantagenets

Cook, D V

From: No 15 of Raleigh Press’s Brief Guide series, ed. E R Delderfield

Undated

Brief biographies of monarchs from Egbert to Richard III, including a 16 line entry on Edward IV.

 

Elections to the Order of the Garter in the Reigns of Edward IV, 1461-1483

Daw, Ben

From: Medieval Prosopography, Vol 19

Published: 1998

Discusses the elections to the Order of the Garter under the sovereignty of Edward IV.

 

The Marriage of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville, a New Italian Source

Fahy, C

From: EHR, Vol 76

Published: October 1961

Text and discussion of an Italian poem of about 1466 describing Edward’s wooing and Elizabeth’s triumphant virtue. An English translation of Giuseppe Ghirardello is also included.

 

Remarks on a Mourning Ring Containing a Small Relic of Hair, with the Inscription Edwardus Rex, 1483

Fortnum, C D E

Typescript copy of item from Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of London, Second Series, Vol 13, pp 198-200

Published: 1891

Text of address given by Mr Fortnum on 27th November 1890, when he exhibited the ring to the Society.

 

Edward IV’s Hair and Coffin Opening

Fynmore, R J

From: Notes and Queries

Published: 13th November 1915

Quotes brief descriptions of the opening of King Edward’s coffin in the eighteenth century.

 

Funeral of Edward the Fourth

Gairdner, James (ed.)

From: Letters and Papers Illustrative of the Reigns of Richard III and Henry VII, Vol 1, pp 3-10

Published: 1861

Transcript of the heralds’ account of the funeral of Edward IV (College of Arms MS I.7., f.7)

 

The Search for John Tresillian, Master Smith to Edward IV

Geddes, Jane

From: History Today, Vol 52, No 4

Published: April 2002

On the man who crafted the wrought-iron gates and door furnishings for Edward IV’s chantry in St George’s Chapel, Windsor, Includes fine colour illustrations.

 

The Sons of Edward IV: A Canonical Assessment of the Claim that they were Illegitimate

Helmholz, R H

From: Richard III, Loyalty, Lordship and Law, ed. P W Hammond

Published: 1986

A study of the implications of the precontract for Edward IV’s marriage to Elizabeth Woodville and the legitimacy of their offspring.

 

Portraits of the Later Plantagenets

Hepburn, Frederick

Text of 104 page book based on author’s M.A. thesis

Published: 1988

A discussion of some surviving portraits of the later medieval kings, including Henry VI, Edward IV and Richard III.

 

The Clever Widow and the King of England

Hibbert, Christopher

Typed copy of article from Women’s Mirror

Published: 3rd September 1966

Popularised account of Elizabeth’s wooing and life as queen.

 

Edward IV, the Duke of Somerset and Lancastrian Loyalism in the North

Hicks, M A

From: Northern History, Vol 20

Published: 1984

 

Edward IV and the Alchemists

Hughes, Jonathan

From: History Today, Vol 52(8)

Published: August 2002

A summary of the author’s book Arthurian Myths and Alchemy: The Kingship of Edward IV. Hughes discusses the way in which the ‘sciences’ of alchemy and astrology were harnessed to provide an explanation for the problems of Henry VI’s reign and to propagandize Edward IV as the destined solution.

 

Koning Edward IV van Engeland in Ballingschap (King Edward IV of England in Exile)

Huizinga, J

From: Complete Works, Vol 4

Published: 1949

On Edward’s and Richard’s exile in Holland in 1470-71. (Library Note – Missing – to be replaced).

 

Marrying for Love: The Experience of Edward IV and Henry VIII

Ives, Eric

From: History Today

Published: December 2000

An examination of the experiments of grandfather and grandson in abandoning the traditional diplomatic model of royal marriage for a love match.

 

Edward IV, the Modern Legend and a Revision

Lander, J R

From: History, Vol 41

Published: 1956

Attacks the claim that Edward neglected affairs of state in order to indulge a life of lust and luxury.

 

King Edward IV: A Lecture Given by Professor J R Lander in St George’s Chapel on 26th May 1983 during the Celebration of the Quincentenary of King Edward, Second Founder of the Chapel

Lander, J R

Booklet

Published: 1983

Text of Lander’s lecture on Edward IV. (Note – also contains the programme from a concert of medieval music and the guide to the commemorative exhibition).

 

The Romuleon and the Manuscripts of Edward IV

McKendrick, Scot

From: England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1992 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. N Rogers

Published: 1994

The author compares Edward IV’s copy of the Romuleon (an account of Roman history) with other manuscripts owned by the king, in an attempt to shed light on the character of Edward’s collection/

 

The Liber Niger of Edward IV: A New Version

Mertes, Kate

From: Historical Research, Vol 54, No 29

Published: 1981

The author discusses the contribution to our understanding of Edward IV’s household offered by the newly discovered Hunts, manuscript (Cambridge County Record Office MS DDM 64).

 

Koning Edward IV van Engeland op Texel (‘King Edward IV on Texel’)

Obermann, Antoon P R; Schoorl, H

From: Holland, Vol 13, No 1

Published: February 1981

Dutch article with English translation by Livia Visser-Fuchs. Describes Edward’s flight from England in 1470, and discusses where he landed in Holland and who helped him.

 

The Reign of Edward IV

Ross, C D

Chapter 3 of Fifteenth Century England 1399-1509: Studies in Politics and Society, ed. S B Chrimes, C D Ross & R A Griffiths

Published: 1972

Steers a course between the older view of the ‘temperamental and politically immature prince’ and the revisionist vision of an iron-willed statesman and man of action.

 

Three Plantagenet Horoscopes

Ryan, Dorothy

Resume of a talk

Published: 1959

On the conjectured horoscopes of Edward IV, George of Clarence, Richard III. Exact time of birth has been guessed from what is known of the subject’s personality, which in Edward IV’s case conflicts with the evidence from extant sources.

 

Five Indentures between Edward IV and Warwick the Kingmaker

Scofield, Cora L

From: EHR, Vol 36, No 141

Published: 1921

Details the terms of Warwick’s captaincies of Calais, Guisnes, Rysbank, Hammes and Carlisle.

 

Edward IV’s Grants of Privileges to People and Places in the Low Countries, 1472-1478

Visser-Fuchs, Livia

Publication No 44 of the Centre Europeen d’Etudes Bourgignonnes (XIV-XVI siecles)

Published: 2004

English version of a talk given at the Centre’s Malines conference in September 2003, looking at the ways in which King Edward expressed his gratitude to certain individuals in the Low Countries who had assisted him during his exile of 1470-1471.

 

Il n a plus lion ne lieppart, qui voeulle tenir de sa part: Edward IV in Exile, October 1470 to March 1471

Visser-Fuchs, Livia

Publication No 35 of the Centre Europeen d’Etudes Bourgignonnes (XIV-XVI siecles)

Published: 1994

Article on Edward IV’s exile in the Low Countries presented at the Centre Europeen’s Oxford conference in September 1994.

 

EDWARD V

Royal Children Through the Ages

Anon

Catalogue of an exhibition held at Brighton Art Gallery

Published: 1977

Includes some material relating to Edward V.

 

The Monarchy 1066-1966

Anon

Illustrated exhibition catalogue

Published: October 1966

Catalogue of an exhibition held at Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, of items such as seals and early portraits illustrating Englsh monarchs.

 

The Princes in the Tower and Their Doctor

Rhodes, Dennis E

From: EHR, Vol 77, No 303

Published: April 1962

Brief article pointing out that ‘Argentinus medicus’, identified by Mancini at the last of Edward V’s former servants to have remained with him, means ‘Doctor Argentine’ and not ‘a doctor of Strasbourg’ as supposed at that time by Mancini’s translator C A J Armstrong.

 

Britain’s Kings and Queens: 63 Reigns in 1100 Years

Bellew, Sir George

Pitkin Booklet

Published: 1970 edition

Contains potted biographies of Edward V and other kings of the period.

 

Brief Guide to the Kings and Queens of England and Great Britain, Part 1: Saxons – Normans – Plantagenets

Cook, D V

No 15 of Raleigh Press’s Brief Guide series ed. E R Delderfield

Undated

Brief biographies of monarchs from Egbert to Richard III, including a 16 line entry on Edward V.

 

Notes and Documents: Early Tudor Dates for the Death of Edward V

Gunn, S J

From: Northern History, Vol 28

Published: 1992

Discusses the likely origin of the note added to the Anlaby Cartulary to the effect that Edward V was murdered on 22nd June.

 

Did Edward V Suffer from Histiocytosis X?

Hargreaves, A S; MacLeod, R I

From: The Journal of Royal Society of Medicine, Vol 87

Published: February 1994

Argues that pathological changes observed in the mandible of the elder skeleton in the urn are consistent with the histiocytosis X, an infiltrative and destructive disease that affects bone and soft tissue.

 

The Sons of Edward IV: A Canonical Assessment of the Claim that they were illegitimate

Helmholz, R H

From: Richard III, Loyalty, Lordship and Law, ed. P W Hammond

Published: 1986

A study of the canonical implications of the precontract.

 

Did Edward V Outlive His Reign or Did He Outreign His Life?

Hicks, Michael

From: The Ricardian, Vol 8, No 108, pp 342-345

Published: March 1990

Sceptical discussion of the claim made in the Anlaby Cartulary that Edward V died on 22nd June.

 

Financial Memoranda of the Reign of Edward V: Longleat Miscellaneous Manuscript Book II

Horrox, Rosemary (ed.)

From: Camden Miscellany, No 29, Camden 4th series, Vol 34

Published: 1987

Transcript, with introduction and notes, of financial surveys of money in hand at Edward IV’s death, current and expected income and expenditure. Includes the expenses of defending Berwick and Calais.

 

The Death of Edward V and the Rebellion of 1483

Morgan, Philip

From: Historical Research, Vol 68

Published: 1995

On the significance of the king list in the Middleton Collection in Nottingham University Library, according to which Edward V reigned until 26th June, and was killed and his body sunk.

 

The Education of Edward V

Orme, Nicholas

From: BIHR, Vol 57. No 136

Published: November 1984

Transcript and discussion of the ordinances for Edward’s household and education, made in 1473 and revised in 1483.

 

 

The Death of Edward V

Richmond, Colin

From: Northern History, Vol 25

Published: 1989

Argues for the acceptance of 22nd June 1483 as the date of Edward V’s death, as per the note added to the Anlaby cartulary. (Note – for a different view, see articles in this section by Stephen Gunn, Michael Hicks and J A F Thomson).

 

The Death of Edward V: Dr Richmond’s Dating Reconsidered

Thomson, J A F

From: Northern History, Vol 26

Published: 1990

Reviews Colin Richmond’s evidence for the date of Edward’s death (see above) and concludes that 22nd June is not probable.

 

The Deposition of Edward V

Wood, Charles T

From: Traditio, Vol 31, pp 247-286

Published: 1975

Examines the period between the death of Edward IV and the accession of Richard III in terms of the kingship of Edward V, and the political problems that this posed, rather than the process of Gloucester’s assumption of the throne.

 

The Deposition of Edward V: As Addendum

Wood, Charles T

Typescript

Date: After June 1977

A discussion of the implications of both the dates claimed for Hastings’ execution (i.e. 13th and 20th June) for our understanding of Gloucester’s motivations.

 

HENRY VII

The Monarchy 1066-1966

Anon

Illustrated exhibition catalogue

Published: October 1966

Catalogue of an exhibition at Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, of items such as seals and early portraits illustrating English monarchs.

 

The Court Festivals of Henry VII: A Study Based upon the Account Books of John Heron, Treasurer of the Chamber

Anglo, Sydney

From: The Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, Vol 43, No 1

Published: 1960

A discussion of court festivities under Henry VII.

 

The Proclamation of Henry Tudor as King of England, 3 November 1483

Arthurson, Ian; Kingwell, Nicholas

From: Historical Research, Vol 63, Issue 150 pp 100-106

Published: February 1990

Focuses on the description, in a document surviving in the Borlase Collection, of the Cornish rebels’ stand at Bodmin during the month following Buckingham’s execution, and their alleged intention to set up another king in place of Richard III.

 

White Boar and Red Dragon

Beahrs, Virginia Oakley

From: British Heritage, Vol 6, No 5

Published: August/September 1985

Account of the conflict between Richard III an Henry Tudor and its causes.

 

Britain’s Kings and Queens: 63 Reigns in 1100 Years

Bellew, Sir George

Pitkin Booklet

Published: 1970 edition

Contains potted biographies of Henry VII and other kings of the period.

 

The Enforcement of the Penal Statutes in the 1490s: Some New Evidence

Cavill, P R

From: Historical Research, No 217 (special issue: Who Was Henry VII?)

Published: August 2009

Using new evidence from the parliament of 1495, the author argues that King Henry’s enforcement of the penal statutes arose from an attitude to legislation formed earlier in his reign.

 

The Reign of Henry VII

Chrimes, S B

Chapter 4 of Fifteenth Century England 1399-1509: Studies in Politics and Society, ed. S B Chrimes, C D Ross & R A Griffiths

Published: 1972

An assessment of Henry’s early life and reign based on original sources.

 

English Royal Marriages and the Papal Penitentiary in the Fifteenth Century

Clarke, Peter D

From: EHR, Vol 120, No 488, pp 1014-1029

Published: September 2005

Texts and discussion of a number of dispensations for English royal marriages discovered by the author and Patrick Zutshi in the pre-1504 Penitentiary registers, including a previously unknown dispensation for the marriage of Henry Tudor and Elizabeth of York.

 

Brief Guide to the Kings and Queens of England and Great Britain

Cook, D V

No 15 of Raleigh Press’s Brief Guide series, ed. E R Delderfield

Undated

Brief biographies of monarchs from Egbert to Elizabeth II, including an entry of slightly over a page on Henry VII.

 

Loyalty and the Usurper: Recognizances, the Council and Allegiance under Henry VII

Cunningham, Sean

From: Historical Research, No 217 (special issue: Who Was Henry VII?)

Published: August 2009

Shows that Henry VII’s use of bonds as an instrument of policy in the later years of his reign arose from the success of their deployment to address disloyalty and conspiracy from the earliest part of his reign.

 

Henry VII, France and the Holy League of Venice: The Diplomacy of Balance

Currin, John M

From: Historical Research, No 217 (special issue: Who Was Henry VII?)

Published: August 2009

Discusses Henry VII’s reaction to Charles VIII’s 1494 invasion of Italy and conquest of Naples, and the complex negotiations leading up to  his admission to the Holy League of Venice. Challenges the standard view that Henry was not concerned about the French conquest of Naples.

 

Pierre le Pennec, Henry VII of England, and the Breton Plot of 1492: A Case Study in ‘Diplomatic Pathology’

Currin, John M

From: Albion (journal of the Appalachian State University)

Published: Spring 1991

A study of the 1492 plot to surrender the Breton ports of Brest and Morlaix to the English.

 

Information, Disinformation and Political Knowledge under Henry VII and Early Henry VIII

Davies, C S L

From: Historical Research, Vol 85, No 228, pp 229-253

Published: May 2012

Challenges the view that Henry VII initiated a vigorous campaign of ‘Tudor propaganda’, arguing that he actually maintained a policy of obfuscation and evasion regarding both his own ancestry and the events of Richard’s reign.

 

Tudor: What’s in a Name?

Davies, C S L

From: History, Vol 97, June 325

Published: 2012

About the reluctance of the Tudor monarchs to use their Welsh surname, preferring instead to emphasise their English and French royal descent.

 

Did Henry VII Murder the Princes?

Gairdner, James

From: EHR, Vol 6, No 23

Published: July 1891

Traditionalist response to Markham’s article in the previous issue (see Biographical: Richard III), with the resultant correspondence.

 

Household, Politics and Political Morality in the Reign of Henry VII

Grummitt, David

From: Historical Research, No 217 (special issue: Who Was Henry VII?)

Published: August 2009

Argues that Henry VII did indeed bring in a New Monarchy, i.e. the renaissance political morality with which he had become familiar in exile, and that this centred upon a redefinition of the Household and the role of household servants.

 

Henry VII and Charles the Bold – Brothers Under the Skin?

Gunn, Steven

From: History Today, Vol 46, No 4

Published: April 1996

The author ‘detects some surprising similarites’ in the styles of governance of these two very different personalities.

 

1485-1509: Henry VII: The Stabiliser

Gunn, Stephen

From: The Story of the Tudors (collector’s edition of BBC History Magazine)

Published: 2014

Argues that Henry should be remembered as a stabiliser and an innovator.

 

Politic History, New Monarchy and State Formation: Henry VII in European Perspective

Gunn, Stephen

From: Historical Research, No 217 (special issue: Who Was Henry VII?)

Published: August 2009

Compares Henry VII’s adaptations of English law and government with those of his continental contemporaries and concludes that, whilst he did not adopt continental methods per se, many of the measures he took achieved a similar effect.

 

Opposition to Henry Tudor after Bosworth

Hampton W E

From: Richard III, Crown and People, ed. J Petre

Published: 1985

First published in The Ricardian Vol 4, No 55, December 1976. About the Yorkist risings of the first year of Henry’s reign.

 

Retrieving the ‘Crown in the Hawthorn Bush’: The Origins of the Badges of Henry VII

Henderson, Virginia K

From: Traditions & Transformations in Late Medieval England, ed. Biggs, Michalove & Compton-Reeves

Published: 2002

An examination of the origins and meanings of King Henry’s badges.

 

Henry Tudor’s Treasure

Horowitz, Mark R

From: Historical Research, No 217 (special issue Who Was Henry VII?)

Published: August 2009

Traces Henry VII’s policy of control through bond-taking in the administration of the Duchy of Lancaster and wider society. (Library Note – To be printed and scanned, 47 pages).

 

Henry VII and the Bristol Expeditions to North America: the Condon Documents

Jones, Evan T

From: Historical Research, Vol 83, No 221, pp 444-454

Published: August 2010

Transcripts and discussion of two previously unpublished documents relating to the first English voyages of exploration in the New World.

 

Urban Policy and Urban Political Culture: Henry VII and his Towns

Lee, James

From: Historical Research, No 217 (special issue: Who Was Henry VII?)

Published: August 2009

Argues that, in Henry’s political interaction with larger provincial centres in politically sensitive areas, such as Bristol, York and Exeter, can be witnessed a burgeoning urban policy. (Library Note – To be printed, 18 pages).

 

‘Of good name and fame in the countrey’: Standards of Conduct for Henry VII’s Chamber Officials

McGlynn, Margaret

From: Historical Research, No 217 (special issue: Who Was Henry VII?)

Published: August 2009

Examination of Henry VII’s chamber machinery through two documents produced by auditors in the office: one a comment on a 1512 statute, the other a pay dispute.

 

Royal Epitaphs: Westminster Abbey, ob. 1509: King Henry VII

Pettigrew, Thomas Joseph

From: Chronicles of the Tombs: A Select Collection of Epitaphs, pp 304-305

Published: 1888

Transcript of Henry VII’s epitaph.

 

Henry VII and Edward, Duke of Buckingham: the Repression of an ‘Over-mighty Subject’

Rawcliffe, Carole

From: Historical Research, Vol 53, Issue 127, pp 114-118

Published: May 1980

A short but informative account of Henry VII’s use of financial constraints to curb the power of this potential rival; includes a transcript of the Duke’s petition to Henry VII’s executors for redress.

 

The Secret War against the Tudors

Seward, Desmond

From: The Story of the Tudors (collector’s edition of BBC History Magazine)

Published: 2014

Focuses mainly on the plots of Henry VII’s reign.

 

Bosworth: The Dawn of the Tudors

Skidmore, Chris

From: BBC History Magazine, Vol 14, No 6

Published: July 2013

Charts the origins of the Tudor dynasty from the family’s disastrous support of Owain Glyndwr in 1400 through to the end of Henry Tudor’s exile.

 

The Dawn of the Tudors

Skidmore, Chris

From: The Story of the Tudors (collector’s edition of BBC History Magazine)

Published: 2014

Henry’s landing at Dale and his victory at Bosworth as vengeance for the deaths of his father and grandfather.

 

Life at Henry VII’s Court

Tucker, M J

From: History Today

Published: May 1969

On Henry’s encouragement of learning and the arts.

 

Reaction to Henry VII’s Style of Kingship and its Contribution to the Emergence of Constitutional Monarch in England

Tucker, Penny

From: Historical Research, No 217 (special issue: Who Was Henry VII?)

Published: August 2009

Examination of contemporary reaction to Henry VII’s ‘arbitrary’ style of kingship through the writings of the London elite at the time of his death.

 

Web of Intrigue

Wilson, Derek

From: History Today, Vol 63, Issue 4

Published: April 2013

A description of Henry’s years in exile, and an analysis of the influence of the continental method of government on his own rule. Several colour illustrations.

 

Building the Tudor Camelot: Henry VII

Wright, Jon

From: House of Royals, Issue 15, pp 14-23

Published: May 2017

Explores how the Camelot legend and Mallory’s Morte D’Arthur were harnessed by Henry VII.

England - Queens

JOANNA OF NAVARRE

The Captivity of a Royal Witch: The Household Accounts of Queen Joan of Navarre, 1419-21

Myers, A R

From: Crown, Household and Parliament in Fifteenth Century England

Published: 1985

Household accounts shedding light on Joanna’s captivity. Transcript, introduction and notes.

 

KATHERINE DE VALOIS

Queen Katherine of Valois and a Missing Statute of the Realm

Griffiths, Ralph A

From: Law Quarterly Review, Vol 93

Published: April 1977

On a rediscovered statute forbidding the remarriage of a queen-dowager without the King’s permission.

 

MARGARET OF ANJOU

The Queen and the Robber: A Hexham Story

Corfe, Tom

From: Hexham Historian, No 8

Published: July 1998

A Study of the traditional story in the context of what is known of the Battle of Hexham.

 

Margaret of Anjou: Queen of England

Dahmus, Joseph

From: Seven Medieval Queens

Published: 1972

Account of Margaret’s life and career.

 

Margaret of Anjou: Queen Consort of Henry VI: A Reassessment of Her Role, 1445-53

Dunn, Diana

From: Crown, Government and People in the Fifteenth Century, ed. Rowena Archer

Publication: 1995

Partly by use of Margaret’s household accounts, the author seeks a deeper understanding of Margaret’s role in the early years of her queenship, before her husband’s mental incapacity and the birth of her son pushed her to the forefront of politics.

 

The Queen in Exile: Representing Margaret of Anjou in Art and Literature

Hepburn, Frederick

From: The Fifteenth Century XI: Concerns and Preoccupations, ed. Linda Clark

Published: 2012

Examines two continental representatives of Margaret made during the 1460s ‘for the light which they shed on the way Margaret perceived herself and was perceived by others during these difficult years’.

 

Reflections of Power: Margaret of Anjou and the Dark Side of Queenship

Lee, Patricia-Ann

From: Renaissance Quarterly, Vol 39, No 2

Published: Summer 1986

Traces the development of Margaret’s image as ‘she-wolf of France’ through Yorkist propaganda and Tudor chronicles to Shakespeare’s play.

 

The Household of Queen Margaret of Anjou 1452-3

Myers, A R

From: The Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, Vol 40

Published: September 1959

Queen Margaret’s household accounts for 1452-3; in Latin, with English introduction and notes.

 

The Jewels of Queen Margaret of Anjou

Myers, A R

From: The Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, Vol 40

Published: September 1959

Account Roll for 1452-3 of Edward Ellesmere, Treasurer of the Chamber and Master of the Jewels to Queen Margaret of Anjou; in Latin, with numerous notes in English.

 

Queen Margaret and the Robbers

Various

Typescript

Undated

Extracts from various sources on the legends of Queen Margaret’s flight after the Battle of Hexham and the robber’s cave.

 

ELIZABETH WOODVILLE

The Marriage of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville, a New Italian Source

Fahy, C

From: EHR, Vol 76

Published: October 1961

Text and discussion of an Italian poem of about 1466 describing Edward’s wooing and Elizabeth’s triumphant virue. An English translation by Giuseppe Ghirardello is also included.

 

The Sons of Edward IV: A Canonical Assessment of the Claim that they were illegitimate

Helmholz, R H

From: Richard III, Loyalty, Lordship and Law, ed. P W Hammond

Published: 1986

A study of the canonical implications of the precontract.

 

The Clever Widow and the King of England

Hibbert, Christopher

From: Women’s Mirror

Published: 3rd September 1966

Popularised account of Elizabeth’s wooing and life as queen.

 

Marrying for Love: The Experience of Edward IV and Henry VIII

Ives, Eric

From: History Today

Published: December 2000

An examination of the experiments of grandfather and grandson in abandoning the traditional diplomatic model of royal marriage for a love match.

 

‘Diees welt dreht sich unaufhorlich’: eine Konigin auf dem Schicksalsrad, Elizabeth Woodville 1437-1492 (This world is turning endlessly: A Queen on the Wheel of Fortune, Eizabeth Woodville 1437-1492)

Kalckhoff, Andreas

From: Damals

Published: November 1981

German biography of Elizabeth Woodville with English translation, Well-illustrated and attempting to steer a middle course with regard to Richard III.

 

The Household of Queen Elizabeth Woodville 1466-7

Myers, A R

From: The Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, Vol 50, Nos 1 & 2

Published: Autumn 1967 & Spring 1968

Transcript of Elizabeth’s extant household accounts for 1466-1467 (in Latin), with English introduction and notes.

 

Elizabeth Wife of Edward IV

Nichols, J

From: A Collection of All Wills…of Kings and Queens of England

Published: 1780

Elizabeth’s last will and testament.

 

Painting from Life? Comments on the Date and Function of the Early Portraits of Elizabeth Woodville and Elizabeth of York in the Royal Collection

Scott, Jennifer

From: The Yorkist Age: Proceedings of the 28th Harlaxton Symposium, ed. H Kleineke & C Steer

Published: 2011

On the date and method of composition of these two portraits.

 

The Cult of Angels in Late Fifteenth Century England

Sutton, Anne F; Visser-Fuchs, Livia

From: Women and the Book: Assessing the Visual Evidence ed. L J Smith & J H M Taylor

Published: 1996

Discussion of an Hours of the Guardian Angel presented to Queen Elizabeth.

 

The Archaeology of Royal Weddings

Wilkins, Brendan

From: Current Archaeology, Issue 254 (Royal Wedding Special), pp 14-17

Published: May 2011

Black and white copy of illustrated article on the marriage of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville, and on the discovery in the 1960s of the remains of a small monastic settlement or hermitage at Grafton Regis.

 

 ANNE NEVILLE

English Royal Marriages and the Papal Penitentiary in the Fifteenth Century

Clarke, Peter D

From: EHR, Vol 120, No 488, 1014-1029

Published: September 2005

Texts and political backgrounds of a number of dispensations for English royal marriages discovered by the author and Patrick Zutshi in the pre-1504 Penitentiary registers, including the marriages of Anne Neville to Edward of Lancaster and Richard, Duke of Gloucester.

 

Lady Anne Neville 1456-1485

Fryer, Mary Beacock; Bousfield, Arthur; Toffoli, Gary

From: Lives of the Princesses of Wales

Published: 1983

Brief account with some inaccuracies; compares the Tudor version with the revisionist view.

 

Anne Nevill of Warwick: The Life and Tragedies of an ill-starred Queen of England

Harvey, P D A

From: Warwickshire and Worcestershire Magazine

Undated

Brief biography of Anne, contrasting the Tudor version with the modern view.

 

The Lost Queen

Laynesmith, Joanna

From: BBC History Magazine, Vol 5, Issue 3

Published: March 2004

Brief biography of Anne, drawing on the author’s research for her book The Last Medieval Queens. Illustrated with colour reproductions from the Salisbury Roll.

 

The Queen from Wensleydale

Melhuish, J M

From: The Dalesman

Published: August 1961

Fairly detailed account of Anne’s life.

 

Alice Claver, Silkwoman of London and Maker of Mantle Laces for Richard III and Queen Anne

Sutton, Anne F

From: Richard III, Crown and People, ed. J Petre

Published: 1985

Article published in The Ricardian, Vol 5, No 70, September 1980. Tells what is known of the woman who supplied the gold fringes and lace ribbons for Richard and Anne’s coronation.

 

The Coronation Robes of Richard III and Anne Neville

Sutton, Anne F

From: Costume, No 13

Published: 1979

Description of the three outfits worn by Richard III and Anne Neville for the vigil procession the anointing ceremony and the procession after the coronation.

 

The Death of Queen Anne Neville

Sutton, Anne F

From: Richard III, Crown and People, ed. J Petre

Published: 1985

Two page article first published in The Ricardian, Vol 5, No 69, June 1980. An examination of the frequent assertion that Anne died of tuberculosis.

 

Letter from L E Tanner, Keeper of the Muniments and Library, Westminster Abbey

Tanner, Lawrence E

Typed Letter

Date: 2nd December 1960

Confirms Anne’s exact burial place.

 

Dedication of the Memorial Tablet to Queen Anne Neville in Westminster Abbey

Various

Two leaflets (Orders of Service) & two typed sheets

Date of Dedication: 1st October 1960

Explanation of the Society’s provision of the memorial tablet accompanied by orders of service and an English translation of the Duke of Milan’s letter of condolence to Richard III upon Anne’s death.

 

The Queen who worked as a ‘Cook-Maid’

Villiers, Elizabeth

From: Love Stories of English Queens

Published: 1924

Rather fanciful account firmly based on the Tudor tradition, the love story being that of Anne’s brief marriage to Edward of Lancaster.

 

ELIZABETH OF YORK

The Death of Elizabeth of York, 11th February 1503

Cavendish, Richard

From: History Today

Published: February 2003

A brief account of Elizabeth’s life and death.

 

English Royal Marriages and the Papal Penitentiary in the Fifteenth Century

Clarke, Peter D

From: English Historical Review, Vol 120, No 488, pp 1014-1029

An important article reproducing the texts, and discussing the political backgrounds, of a number of dispensations for English royal marriages discovered by the author and Patrick Zutshi in the pre-1504 Penitentiary registers, including the earliest dispensations for the marriage of Henry Tudor and Elizabeth of York.

 

Elizabeth of York

Hibbert, Christopher

Typed copy of article from Woman’s Mirror

Published: 24th October 1964

Brief account of Elizabeth’s life.

 

The People’s Other Princess

Laynesmith, Joanna

From: BBC History Magazine

Published: February 2000

The author of The Last Medieval Queens describes Elizabeth’s life and her lavish funeral.

 

Painting from Life? Comments of the Date and Function of the Early Portraits of Elizabeth Woodville and Elizabeth of York in the Royal Collection

Scott, Jennifer

From: The Yorkist Age: Proceedings of the 28th Harlaxton Symposium ed. H Kleineke & C Steer

Published: 2011

On the date and method of composition of these two portraits.

 

A Tudor of Rare Talent

Weir, Alison

From: BBC History Magazine

Published: December 2013

Article published in tandem with Alison Weir’s biography of Elizabeth of York.

 

The Perfect Queen

Weir, Alison

From: The Story of the Tudors (collector’s edition of BBC History Magazine)

Published: 2014

Weir rejects contemporary claims that Elizabeth was kept in subjection, arguing that rather she was simply conforming to the late-medieval ideal of queenship, ‘which constrained her to a role that was decorous, symbolic and dynastic.’

 

France

LOUIS XI

Louis XI, the Legend and the Man

Kendall, P M

From: History Today

Published: August 1961

Contrasts the legend of Louis at a cold sardonic demon with the reality.

 

The Spider King

Salmon, J H M

From: History Today

Published: February 1966

Re-assessment of Louis’ life and achievements.

Scotland

JAMES III

A Letter of James III to the Duke of Burgundy

Armstrong, C A J

From: England, France and Burgundy in the Fifteenth Century, pp 389-402

Article originally published in Miscellany of the Scottish History Society Vol 8, 1951. Discusses a letter written by King James to Charles, Duke of Burgundy in response to the latter’s request that the should pardon the Boyds, who had seized him in his youth and ruled in his name from 1466 to 1469.

 

JAMES IV

‘The Glory of All Princely Governing’: The Kingship of James IV

MacDougall, Norman

From: History Today, Vol 34

Published: November 1984

Re-examines James’ reputation as an outstanding ruler.

 

 

Banner image of King Richard III’s Book of Hours (MS 474f.7v) reproduced by kind permission of Lambeth Palace Library.