Fine and Applied Arts

The Pulpit with the Four Doctors at St James’s, Castle Acre, Norfolk

Alexander, Jonathan

From: England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1992 Harlaxton Symposium, ed N Rogers

Published: 1994

On the significance of images of the Four Doctors of the Church – SS Augustine, Gregory, Jerome and Ambrose – on the pulpit in the medieval church of St James. Black-and-white photographs are included.

 

Coins Round the World

Anon

From: Coin Monthly

Published: April 1982

On the introduction by Henry VII of profile portraits on coins instead of the conventional full-face representations of monarchy.

 

The Arts in Medieval Burgundy

Anon

From: The Connoisseur, Vol. 194, No. 781

Published: March 1977

Eight articles, covering sculpture, textiles, painting, goldsmith’s work, and arms and armour.

 

Kings & Queens, AD 653-1953

Anon

Exhibition catalogue

Published: 1953

Catalogue of an exhibition of royal portraits held at the Royal Academy of Arts in London.

 

Madame Tussaud’s

Anon

Guide book

Published: 1962

Guide book to the waxworks museum, which includes an image of Richard III.

 

The Monarchy, 1066-1966

Anon

Illustrated catalogue of an exhibition held at Bromsgrove, Worcestershire

Published: October 1966

Exhibition of items such as seals and early portraits illustrating English monarchs.

 

How to Win at Tournaments: The Technique of Chivalric Combat

Anglo, Sydney

From: Antiquaries Journal, Vol. 68, Part 2, pp. 248-264

Published: 1988

On medieval jousting technique.

 

Le Jeu de la Hache: A Fifteenth-century Treatise on the Technique of Chivalric Axe Combat

Anglo, Sydney

From: Archaeologia, Vol. 109

Published: 1991

Text and commentary on Le Jeu de la Hache (Bibliothèque Nationale, manuscrit français 1996), the only surviving treatise devoted exclusively to axe combat.

 

L’Echange Culturel entre les Cours d’Angleterre et de Bourgogne à l’Epoque de Charles le Téméraire

Armstrong, C A J

From: England, France and Burgundy in the Fifteenth Century, ed. C. A. J. Armstrong, pp. 403-438

Published: 1983

Article originally published in Cinq-centième Anniversaire de la Bataille de Nancy, Publication de l’Université de Nancy 2, 1970. On Burgundian cultural influence on the Yorkist court and Margaret of York’s role as patron of the arts in Burgundy. (In French.)

 

English Purchases of Printed Books from the Continent 1463-1526

Armstrong, Elizabeth

From: EHR, no. 94, pp. 268-291

Published: 1999

The evidence for the importation into England of books printed abroad.

 

A Report of the Findings of the Defence Academy Warbow Trials: Part 1, Summer 2005

Bourke, Paul; Whetham, David

From: Arms & Armour, Vol. 4, No. 1

Published: 2007

Results of a series of trials in which tests conducted by in 1992 Peter Jones were repeated using equipment incorporating new information about medieval design.

 

The Hastings Hours and the Master of 1499

Brinkmann, Bodo

From: British Library Journal, Vol. 14, No. 1

Published: Spring 1988

Synopsis: Description of the manuscript and identification of the artist and his œuvre.

 

Royal Heraldry: Beasts and Badges of Britain

Brooke-Little, J P

Booklet

Published: 1981

Describes the royal arms, badges and emblems from early times to the present. Illustrated in colour.

 

A Plantagenet Observed?

Brown, G P

Booklet

Published: 1973

Synopsis: On a life-like stained glass portrait of a king, thought to be Henry VI, in the East Window of Beverley Minster.

 

Minehead’s Great Treasure: The Missal of Richard Fitzjames

Bullivant, C H

Booklet with black-&-white illustrations

Published: 1963

On the illuminated fifteenth-century service book on display in St Michael’s church in Minehead. The missal carries the signature of Richard Fitzjames as Bishop of London (1506-1522), a former vicar of St. Michael’s, Minehead (1485-1497).

 

The Crown Jewels and Coronation Ritual

Butler, Thomas, Bt.

Pitkin booklet

Published: 1970

Illustrated guide to the crown jewels and the modern coronation ceremony.

 

The Middleham Jewel and Ring

Cherry, John

Yorkshire Museum booklet, 48 pp.

Published: 1994

Contains several chapters on the jewel, a chapter on the ring and a chapter on other finds from Middleham. Superb colour illustrations.

 

Discovering Brasses

Cook, Malcolm

Booklet

Published: 1968

Pocket guide to monumental brasses – their history, manufacture and location, plus hints on brass-rubbing.

 

On the Prolonged Use of Fifteenth Century Armour

Dove, Anthony B L

From: Richard III, Crown and People, ed. J. Petre

Published: 1985

Article first published in The Ricardian, Vol. 4, No. 57, June 1977. On the continuing use of fifteenth century armour in the sixteenth century.

 

Monumental Brasses: London Design c.1420-85

Emmerson, Robin

From: Journal of the British Archaeological Association, Vol. 131, pp. 50-78

Published: 1978

Distinguishes the products of several different workshops.

 

Richard III

Forrest, Lesley

From: Coin Monthly

Published: April 1982

On the coins issued during the reign of Richard III.

 

Pietro Torrigiano’s Portrait Bust of King Henry VII

Galvin, Carol; Lindley, Peter

From: Burlington Magazine, Vol. 130, No. 1029, pp. 892-902

Published: Dec 1988

History of the bust, discussion of scientific studies of the same, and comparison with Henry VII’s funeral effigy and other known busts by Torrigiano.

 

Great East Window, York Minster

Gallon, Andrew

From: The Yorkshire Dalesman

Published: April 2013

Short illustrated article, in The Dalesman’s ‘Icons of Yorkshire’ series, on the restoration of the Minster’s Great East Window by the York Glaziers Trust.

 

The Search for John Tresilian, Master Smith to Edward IV

Geddes, Jane

From: History Today, Vol. 52, No. 4

Published: April 2002

On the man who crafted the wrought-iron gates and door furnishings for Edward IV’s chantry in St. George’s Chapel, Windsor. Includes fine colour illustrations.

 

York’s Famous Rose Window

Gibson, Peter

From: Friends of Christchurch Cathedral Newsletter, Vol. 6, No. 2

Published: May 1987

Fairly short article by the Superintendent of the York Glaziers’ Trust about the restoration work on the window following the Minster fire of 1984.

 

The Importance of Heraldry in the Later Middle Ages

Hammond, Peter

From: Medieval History, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 90-98

Published: 1992

History of heraldry, and explanation of its uses in the later Middle Ages.

 

Handwriting of the Kings and Queens of England (extracts)

Hardy, W J

Extracts from the above book

Published: 1893

Facsimile examples of the handwriting of Henry VI, Edward IV, Elizabeth Woodville, Edward V and Richard III, with descriptions of the documents from which they were taken.

 

Two Byzantine Craftsmen in Fifteenth-century London

Harris, Jonathan

From: Journal of Medieval History, No. 21, pp. 387-403

Published: 1995

Focuses on Andronicus and Alexius Effomatos of Constantinople, exponents of the Byzantine technique of gold-wire drawing who were working in London between the 1440s and 1480s.

 

Music in Medieval Britain (extracts)

Harrison, Frank

From: Music in Medieval Britain

Published: 1958

Extracts from a work on medieval British religious music.

 

Notes on Collars of SS

Hartshorne, Albert

From: Archaeological Journal, Vol. 39

Published: 1882

Study of livery collars, with descriptions and illustrations.

 

Portraits of the Later Plantagenets

Hepburn, Frederick

Text of 104-page book based on author’s M.A. thesis

Published: 1988

A discussion of some surviving portraits of the later medieval kings, including Henry VI, Edward IV and Richard III.

 

Real Men Read Poetry: Instructional Verse in 14th-century Fight Manuals

Hester, James

From: Arms & Armour, Vol. 6, No. 2

Published: 2009

A study of two texts – one in English and one in German – giving instruction in swordplay, and what they reveal about not only medieval swordsmanship but also medieval educational methods.

 

Extracts from Patterns for Theatrical Costumes

Holkeboer, K S

From: Patterns for Theatrical Costumes

Published: 1984

Instructions and patterns for making male and female costumes of the late fifteenth century.

 

The Crown Jewels

Holmes, Martin

Booklet

Published: 1968

Official guidebook, with illustrations in colour.

 

Medieval Glass in Penrith Church

Hudleston, Ferdinand; Roy C

From: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, New Series, Vol. 1

Published: 1951

An investigation of the claim made by Jefferson in 1840 that fragments of stained glass in the south windows of the chancel represented portraits of Richard Duke of York and Cecily Neville.

 

An Outline of Heraldry in England and Scotland

Innes-Smith, Robert

Booklet

Published: 1975, 1980

The origins of heraldry, the College of Arms, the peerage and baronetage, etc.

 

Role playing in the Family of Sir Thomas More by Hans Holbein the Younger, (1497/8-1543)

Hunt, Catherine

From: The British Art Journal, Vol XIX, No. 1: pp 62-71

Published: Spring 2018.

Detailed discussion of elements of the picture throwing a fascinating light on some aspects of More and his family, his friendship with Erasmus and Greek and Roman literature. It suggests that every person can (should?) be perceived as acting out role(s), with everyone else in the picture complicit in maintaining these depictions, despite knowing that they may not match the real person.

 

The Wall Paintings in Eton College Chapel (extract)

James, M R; Tristram, E W

From: The Wall Paintings in Eton College Chapel and in the Lady Chapel of Winchester Cathedral, Walpole Society 1925-9, Vol. 17

Published: 1929

Pages 1 to 28 of the above work, covering the history and description of the wall paintings in Eton College chapel. Illustrations of the wall paintings are included, but are in black and white and of poor quality.

 

Collars of SS: A Quest

Jenkins, C K

From: Apollo

Published: March 1949

On the origins and significance of Lancastrian livery collars.

 

‘Ananizapta’ and the Middleham Jewel

Karl, Werner

Explanatory letter addressed to the Yorkshire Museum

April 2000

19-page explanation, with illustrations, of the meaning and use of the word ananizapta inscribed on the jewel.

 

Fan Vaulting

Leedy, Walter C, Jr

From: Scientific American, No. 245, pp. 106-115

Published: 1983

On the development and construction of fan vaults.

 

The Greyhound as a Royal Beast

London, H. Stanford

From: Archaeologia, No. 22

Published: 1959

The history of the Greyhound as an item of royal heraldry and its use by the Tudors. 25 pages of text plus six pages of illustrations.

 

The Half Groat: Part One, 1351-1504

Mackay, James

From: Coin Monthly

Published: April 1982

Descriptions of the different half groats issued by kings from Edward III to Henry VII.

 

The Romuléon and the Manuscripts of Edward IV

McKendrick, Scot

From: England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1992 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. N. Rogers

Published: 1994

The author compares Edward IV’s copy of the Romuléon (an account of Roman history) with other manuscripts owned by the king, in an attempt to shed light on the character of Edward’s collection.

 

An Outline of Arms and Armour in England from the Early Middle Ages to the Civil War

Mann, Sir James

Booklet

Published: 1969

Illustrated 45-page booklet on the development of English armour and weapons between the Early Middle Ages and the Civil War.

 

Two Illuminated Guild Registers from Bedfordshire

Marks, Richard

From: Illuminating the Book, Makers and Interpreters: Essays in Honour of Janet Backhouse, ed. Michelle P. Brown & Scot McKendrick, pp. 26-27 and 121-142

Published: 1998

On the illuminated gild registers of the Fraternity of the Holy Trinity and the Blessed Virgin Mary, Luton, and the Fraternity of St John the Baptist, Dunstable.

 

Creating and recreating the Yorkist Tombs in Fotheringhay Church (Northamptonshire)

Matich, Sofija; Alexander, Jennifer S

From: Church Monuments, Vol. XXVI, pp. 82-103

Published: 2011

An examination of the documentary evidence for both the original burials and the present monuments, which were erected by order of Queen Elizabeth I.

 

The Beautiful (Medieval) Game

Miller, Richard

From: Skirmish: Living History, Issue 89, pp. 24-27

Published: May/June 2011

Brief article on the popularity of chess amongst the aristocracy as a forum for honing and showing off the more cerebral military skills, the game’s popularity amongst both sexes, and how it earned the disapproval of the Church.

 

A Medieval King’s Helmet Restored

Mirouze, Laurent

From: Military Illustrated, No. 23.

Published: Feb-March 1990

On the discovery of the fragments of a golden parade helmet made for Charles Vl of France, and the subsequent reconstruction of the helmet.

 

The Coronation of the Virgin by the Trinity and Other Texts and Images of the Glorification of Mary in Fifteenth-century England.

Morgan, Nigel

From: England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1992 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. N. Rogers

Published: 1994

On the emergence and growing popularity of devotional images showing the Virgin being crowned in Heaven by the Trinity. Black-and-white images of several extant examples are included.

 

NATIONAL ARCHIVES: see PRO

 

A Book of Armour

Nicolle, Patrick

Puffin Picture Book

Published: 1954

Synopsis: Shows the development of armour from the earliest times to the seventeenth century.

 

Life’s Rich Tapestry: The Lady and the Unicorn

Nooteboom, Cees

From: Art Quarterly, pp. 36-42

Published: Winter 1999

Explains the symbolism of the five famous Lady and the Unicorn tapestries in the Musée du Moyen Age in Paris; includes large colour illustrations.

 

The Heraldry of the Martyrdom Vault

Ogilvie, Alec

From: The Canterbury Cathedral Chronicle, pp. 36-41

Published: 1996

On the Yorkist heraldry on the shields in the Martyrdom vault of Canterbury Cathedral.

 

Was there a ‘Yorkist Literature’?

Pearsall, Derek

From: The Yorkist Age: Proceedings of the 2011 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. H. Kleineke & C. Steer

Published: 2013

Examines ‘whether the reign of Edward IV coincided with discernible changes in the nature of literary production … that we might legitimately associate with the change of dynasty.’

 

Anatomy of a Workforce

Penn, Simon

From: Medieval World, pp. 19-24

Published: September/October 1991

Article examining the role and status of the men who constructed the timber-framed buildings of medieval England.

 

A Short Account of the Armorial Bearings of the Sovereigns of England

Petchey, W J

Booklet

Published: 1967 (revised edition)

Tracks the development of the royal arms from earliest times to the present. Illustrated with drawings.

 

On the Badges of the House of York

Planche, J R

From: Journal of the British Archaeological Association, Vol. 20, pp. 18-38

Published: 1984

Traces the use by the House of York of the Falcon (with both Fetterlock and Maiden’s Head), the White Rose and the Black Bull.

 

A Guide to Seals in the Public Record Office

PRO

HMSO booklet

Published: 1954

65-page guide to the use, manufacture and devices of the seals in the National Archives, illustrated with black-and white photographs and drawings.

 

The Myth of the Mangonel: Torsion Artillery in the Middle Ages

Purton, Peter

From: Arms & Armour, Vol. 3, No. 1

Published: Spring 2006

Tackles the one remaining myth about medieval siege artillery, ‘that the torsion-powered late Roman onager lived on for another millennium in the form of the mangonel’.

 

The Artist of Trinity B.11.7 and his Patrons

Rogers, Nicholas

From: England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1992 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. N. Rogers

Published: 1994

Considers the possible origins of this fifteenth-century book of hours, and the claims of Jonathan Alexander that it was illuminated by the same artist as the Hours of Catherine de Valois and may also have been a royal commission.

 

Aristocratic Cultural Patronage and Book Bequests 1350-1500

Rosenthal, Joel T

From: Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library, Vol. 64, No. 2

Published: Spring 1982

Examines the literary interests of peers in terms of their writing, commissioning and collection of books.

 

Henry Johnston and the Missing Lady of Gawthorpe Hall

Routh, Pauline E Sheppard

From: The Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, Vol. 54, pp. 99-101

Published: 1982

Article describing, and attempting to identify, the now-vanished tomb of a fifteenth-century lady in the chapel of Gawthorpe Hall, Yorkshire.

 

The Markenfield Collar

Routh, Pauline E Sheppard; Knowles, Richard

From: Yorkshire Archaeological Journal, Vol. 62, pp. 133-139

Published: 1990

Discussion of the unusual livery collar depicted on the effigy of Sir Thomas Markenfield in Ripon Cathedral.

 

Forget-Me-Nots: Patronage in Gothic England

Saul, Nigel

From: History Today, Vol. 37

Published: November 1987

Examines the importance of wealthy patrons to the production of the religious art and architecture of the Middle Ages.

 

A Note upon Collars

Scharf, George

From: ‘Remarks on Some Portraits from Windsor Castle, Hampton Court and Wilton House’, Archaeologia, Vol. 39

Published: 1863

Descriptions of livery collars from funeral effigies and paintings.

 

Painting from Life? Comments on the Date and Function of the Early Portraits of Elizabeth Woodville and Elizabeth of York in the Royal Collection

Scott, Jennifer

From: The Yorkist Age: Proceedings of the 2011 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. H. Kleineke & C. Steer

Published: 2013

On the date and method of composition of these two portraits.

 

The Saga of the Middleham Jewel

Seaton, Vera

Booklet (51 pages)

Published: 2014

Account by the widow of the man who found the jewel, telling the story of the find and how it changed the family’s lives. Also includes a description of the jewel and the author’s theories regarding the unidentified saints depicted on it.

 

King Richard’s Armour

Shaffery, Peter

From: Antique Arms and Militaria, Vol. 2, Nos.11 & 12, and Vol. 3, Nos.1-3

Published: August & December 1980

Series of five articles describing, and investigating the background of, a set of armour mistakenly said to have belonged to Richard III.

 

On the Irish Coins of Richard III

Smith, Aquilla

From: Numismatic Chronicle

Published: 1881

Describes the coins minted in Ireland during Richard’s reign, and the enabling legislation.

 

The Livery Collar

Smith, C E J

From: Coat of Arms, No. 151, pp. 238-253

Published: 1990

Describes the wide variety of designs found on livery collars; black-&-white illustrations.

 

Medieval Illuminated Playing Cards

Sotheby’s

Sale catalogue

Published: 1983

Describes and illustrates a set of hand-painted playing cards of about 1470-85, probably Flemish.

 

Pilgrim Badges of Henry the Sixth

Spencer, Brian

From: Journal of the Henry VI Society

Published: December 1972

Article by the then Assistant Keeper of the London Museum discussing the variety of Henry VI badges sold to pilgrims visiting his shrine at Windsor.

 

The Social History of the English Medieval Cathedral

Stollard, Paul

From: History Today, Vol. 43

Published: February 1993

The author sets out to answer the question: What did the English cathedral really look like and mean to the worshipper in the Middle Ages?

 

Church Heraldry

Storry, J G

Booklet

Published: 1983

Concise and well-illustrated account of the heraldry used by churchmen and/or found in churches.

 

The Royal Library in England before the Reign of Edward IV

Stratford, Jenny

From: England in the Fifteenth Century: Proceedings of the 1992 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. N. Rogers

Published: 1994

Discusses what is known about the manuscripts owned by the royal family prior to 1461.

 

The Coinage of 1482-5

Stubbs, F M

Text of a talk

Published: 1964

Describes the coinage of Edward IV and Richard III, and discusses the problem of deciding which coins were minted under Edward V.

 

Civic Livery in Medieval London: The Serjeants

Sutton, Anne F

From: Costume, No. 29

Published: 1965

On the role and livery of the serjeants of the city of London.

 

Order and Fashion in Clothes: The King, his Household and the City of London at the End of the Fifteenth Century

Sutton, Anne F

From: Textile History, Vol. 22(2), pp. 253-276

Published: 1991

Draws on the accounts of the Great Wardrobe, the London Corporation and the livery companies, as well as private wills, inventories and letters.

 

The Coronation Robes of Richard III and Anne Neville

Sutton, Anne F

From: Costume, No. 13

Published: 1979

Description of the three outfits worn by the King and Queen for the Vigil procession, the anointing ceremony, and the procession after the coronation.

 

Richard III and the Knave of Cards: An Illuminator’s Model in Manuscript and Print, 1440s to 1990s

Sutton, Anne F; Visser-Fuchs, Livia

Booklet reprint of article from the Antiquaries Journal, Vol. 79

Published: 1999 (Antiquaries Journal)

The authors demonstrate that the gartered figure that has come to be identified as Richard of Gloucester in the presentation miniature of Edward IV’s copy of Wavrin’s Chronicles of England was not intended as a portrait of any particular individual.

 

The Cult of Angels in Late Fifteenth-Century England: An Hours of the Guardian Angel Presented to Queen Elizabeth Woodville

Sutton, Anne F; Visser-Fuchs, Livia

From: Women and the Book: Assessing the Visual Evidence, ed. L. Smith & J. H. M Taylor

Published: 1996

Discussion of a fifteenth-century Hours of the Guardian Angel in which the donor is depicted presenting the book to a queen whom the authors identify as Elizabeth Woodville.

 

Notes on Making Late 15th Century Costume

Tomkins, Julia

From: Stage Costumes and How to Make Them

Published: 1969

Notes and diagrams on making male and female costumes.

 

Painting in Medieval England: The Wall-to-Wall Message

Tudor-Craig, Pamela

From: History Today, Vol. 37

Published: November 1987

The medieval use of wall painting to provide instruction as well as decoration.

 

The Manuscript of the Enseignement de Vraie Noblesse Made for Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, in 1464

Visser-Fuchs, Livia

From: Medieval Manuscripts in Transition: Tradition and Creative Recycling, ed. Claassens & Verbeke

Published: 2006

About the copy of a treatise on knightly conduct made for Warwick in the Low Countries.

 

The Wallace Collection: Guide to the Armouries

Trustees of the Wallace Collection

Booklet

Published: 1982

Black-&-white-illustrated guide to the armouries of the Wallace Collection, including plans setting out the location of the building and the layout of the ground floor.

 

Organising Theatricals in York between 1461 and 1478: Seventeen Years of Change

Twycross, Meg

From: The Yorkist Age: Proceedings of the 2011 Harlaxton Symposium, ed. H. Kleineke & C. Steer

Published: 2013

On the various civic pageants staged in York during this period.

 

On the Middleham Jewel

Various

Extracts from various journals

Published: 1985-1992

Articles on the discovery of the jewel and its subsequent sale and saving for the nation.

 

On the Middleham Ring

Various

Newspaper cuttings

Published: 1990-1992

News reports on the discovery and subsequent sale of the ring.

 

Die Links between Edward IV, Edward V and Richard III

Whitton, C A

From: British Numismatic Journal Vol. 34, Third Series, Vol. 4, Part 3

Published: 1943-4

On the use of the same dies for some coins of all three kings.

 

Medieval Metalworking: Armour Plate and the Advance of Metallurgy

Williams, A R

From: Chartered Mechanical Engineer

Published: September 1978

On the manufacture of steel for armour.

 

The Angels and Groats of Richard III

Winstanley E J 

From: British Numismatic Journal Vol. 34, Third Series, Vol. 4, Part 3

Published: 1943-4

By comparing markings it is possible to establish the order in which the coins were issued and the various mint marks were used.

 

 

Banner image of King Richard III’s Book of Hours (MS 474f.7v) reproduced by kind permission of Lambeth Palace Library.